Pricing paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Estimating paper - Essay Example The estimating for these vehicles are determinant with the solace and extravagance they give (Genat 12). Determinants of the value The primary determinants of evaluating and request are genuinely comparable between the general market and the cross breed showcase, however vary altogether between vehicle models or brands. Valuing of extravagance and non-extravagance vehicle varies because of this thought. Specifically, it is uncovered that a moderately solid inclination for fuel genius exists in the business sectors for half and halves vehicles, some vehicle brands, and cars (Thatchenkery 32). This proclivity for fuel cleverness, nonetheless, is naturally eclipsed by more grounded affection for torque, solace, security and weight, attributes that are negatively related to a vehicle’s fuel advertise. The 2014 Chevrolet Malibu situated at fifteen out of twenty two reasonable medium size vehicles. This positioning is related with investigation of accessible audits and test drives o f the vehicle, just as constancy and insurance information. Car specialists affirm that the 2014 Chevrolet Malibu has a quiet and agreeably planned inside that is worked with normally delicate touch materials. Commentators affirm that the Malibu has loose and roomy front seats. These extravagance characteristics are valuing determinants for such model or items. Chevy improved back traveler room, yet spoilers guarantee that the Malibu’s back seat requires more legroom. Other solid impacts on request and valuing include brand or model-based status, insurance appraisals, and brand makers, despite the fact that the serious advantage picked up by singular nationality over another varies between models (Malibu 1-2). The outer weights on request fused in the half and half condition help the model’s unmistakable power however don't dominate the impact of vehicle conditions. Nonetheless, issues, for example, accommodation based motivators, environmentalism, middle returns, norm al travel time, and age all effectsly affect half and half interest and valuing, while duty and cost-based impetuses and other segment issues don't appear to stir acquisition of mixtures. Gas cost just pay as significant if not conspiring for environmentalism, which is plausible an aftereffect of the cross-sectional condition of the information. Ongoing changes in the gracefully and request 2014 Chevrolet Malibu costs are not influenced such a great amount by flexibly and request since they are altered to focused customers. Discounts and motivating forces are showcasing strategies that are utilized to present new models in the market. Discounts are accessible on 2014 Chevrolet Malibu as special strategies. On the off chance that one is in the market for a novel vehicle, they look at the most recent vehicle limits or impetuses being offered at vendors rate (Malibu 1-2). This keeps vehicle customers proficient with as often as possible refreshed data on financing offers, money discoun ts, and renting openings that are as of now available on each model and model. Customers peruse vehicle discounts and motivations from producer, or vehicle. They think about refunds and motivating forces on various models. This is a pattern customers use to guarantee they buy the items, best case scenario bargain. Refunds on items are showcasing and advancement strategies that guide evaluating of item to satisfy wanted needs. Outside Influences External impacts are valuing contemplations that organizations must place into thought to guarantee they accomplish piece of the overall industry. Insights about government

University Education for Women Free Essays

Research paper Essay theme: ladies ought to be required to attempt an advanced degree in creating nations. In today’s current life, the job of ladies has become increasingly more significant in monetary development. Be that as it may, in numerous nations, particularly in creating nations, low female instructive rate is large issue. We will compose a custom article test on College Education for Women or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now This exposition contends that ladies ought to be required to embrace an advanced degree in creating nations. The principal motivation behind why ladies ought to be required to attempt an advanced degree in creating nations is that it can influence decidedly some social issues, for example, family arranging and lack of education rate. Individuals need to realize that in most creating nations, the education pace of guys is altogether higher than females. For instance, the level of educated guys in Vietnam is 94. 0% while the level of proficient females is 86. 9% (Phan et al. , 2004, para 3). So also, as indicated by Chandramouli (2011), the educated male’s rate (86. 9%) is a lot higher than the level of proficient females (65. 5%) in India. Consequently, ladies should take an advanced degree to rise to the harmony among guys and female’s education rate. Besides, if ladies take tertiary instruction, they may have more information to comprehend the significance of family wanting to abstain from having multiple kids. Another significant explanation is that ladies assume a basic job in family proficiency. As per Bhandari Smith (1997), mother’s education is identified with preschool children’s information, language and proficiency abilities. For example, a mother is an individual who is nearest to kids in a family so mother’s conduct hugy affect kids. In the event that guardians, particularly moms have terrible conduct, their kids may copy those activities. Conversely, if moms have high information, they can instruct their kids better. They may recount to their youngsters important stories to enable kids to realize what is acceptable or not and improve in school. Having high training of moms additionally brings better medicinal services for their kids. Along these lines, it is better for ladies to embrace college training in creating nations which have higher birth rate. At long last, ladies with college training may have more open doors for occupations or higher social position. The facts confirm that ladies who have more significant levels of training, particularly tertiary instruction can find a decent line of work simpler. High-instructed ladies can have fundamental information and social aptitudes which they had learnt in colleges to land position in today’s society in creating nations which are male-overwhelmed social orders previously. Ladies have a few characteristics that men don't have, for example, adaptability, performing various tasks so on the off chance that they have high-taught, they can be more fruitful than man. Besides, having a college degree can assist ladies with having higher social position. For instance, in some creating nations, numerous high taught ladies hold a significant job in the state mechanical assembly, for example, Yingluck Shinawatra-Thailand’s first female PM. Taking everything into account, ladies ought to be required to embrace a college degree in creating nations on account of its impact to some social issues and its job in family education just as individual’s benefits. Obviously government and networks ought to know about the significance of women’s instruction to improve our general public. References list: 1. Bhandari, R. Smith, F. J. (1997), Available from: http://www. jrre. psu. edu/articles/v13,n3,p183-196,Bhandari. pdf [Accessed: May 5, 2012]. 2. Chandramouli, C. , (2011), Available from: http://censusindia. gov. in/2011-prov-results/paper2/data_files/india/Rural_Urban_2011. pdf [Accessed: May 3, 2012]. 3. Phan, T. , Bilgin, A. ,Eyland, A. , Shaw, P. (2004), . Accessible from: http://detail. mq. edu. au/Stats_docs/research_papers/2004/Literacy_in_Vietnam_-_an_atlas. pdf [Accessed: May 11, 2012] Step by step instructions to refer to University Education for Women, Papers

Blog Archive MBA News New Wharton Dean Emphasizes Asia-Pacific Sensibility

Blog Archive MBA News New Wharton Dean Emphasizes Asia-Pacific Sensibility This week, the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School announced the appointment of Geoffrey Garrett as its new dean. Effective July 1, Garrett will succeed Thomas Robertson, when Robertson’s seven-year term comes to an end. “Geoff Garrett has a proven track record as an eminent interdisciplinary scholar and strong and collaborative strategic leader,” noted university president Amy Gutmann. “He has a deep understanding of Wharton’s distinctive mission and a compelling vision for the role of business schools in an era of rapid change and globalization.” Currently serving as dean and professor of business at the Australian School of Business at the University of New South Wales, Garrett brings two decades of international administrative experience to his appointment at Wharton. In addition, Garrett has served as the dean of the Business School at the University of Sydney (where he was also the founder/CEO of the United States Studies Centre) and as president of the Pacific Council on International Policy in Los Angeles. He has also held positions at several other institutions, including UCLA, Oxford University and Stanford University. Garrett’s vision for the school, Bloomberg reports, will entail “helping Ivy League students understand the rest of the world.” In particular, this avowed global vision for Wharton will attempt to connect MBAs to new business opportunities in parts of the world that are often overlooked because of the geographical biases of Northeast U.S. business schools. Garrett explains: “It’s the Asia-Pacific century and that’s the sensibility that I’ll bring to the Wharton job.” His international scope also aims to curb a post-recession lull in applicants to Wharton’s finance-heavy MBA program. “Finance is coming back and Wharton is too,” Garrett stated. “There are opportunities to take a big picture view of the role of finance after the financial crisis.” Meanwhile, we await word of a new admissions director, who we imagine will arrive before the admissions season kicks off in late May. Share ThisTweet News University of Pennsylvania (Wharton)

Chemical Reactions, Catalysts, And Gas Laws - 983 Words

What started out as an April Fools’ Joke of a topic turned into a serious chemistry examination all thanks to a video from Scientific American. This video and article discusses a group of beetles called Bombardier Beetles. This insect has a very interesting and has a unique defense mechanism that gives the group it’s common name. They spray a very hot toxic liquid to discourage predators. Interestingly, the bug doesn’t use muscular contractions to discharge the deterrent, it uses an explosion inside its body. (Augenbraun,2016). There are three concepts that can be addressed regarding this explosive reaction that we have covered in our class: chemical reactions, catalysts, and gas laws. Chemical reactions are where one or more substances are changed into another or multiple other substances based on the properties of the reactants. We learned about 4 types of reactions; Synthesis or where reactants A B combine and create product AB, Decomposition where subs tance AB is broken apart into substances A and B, Substitution reaction where reactants A and BC get rearranged into products AC and B, and finally the double replacement reaction where reactants AB and BC react and make products AD and BC. According to the Scientific American Article by Augenbraun, the beetle combines two compounds, hydroquinone and hydrogen peroxide which together are non-reactive. But then peroxidase enzymes are added, which acts as catalysts that not only makes it toxic but causes it toShow MoreRelatedFactors That Affect The Rate Of Reaction Of A Chemical Reaction1154 Words   |  5 Pagesrate of reaction in a chemical reaction. Catalysts achieve this by lowering the amount of energy required for a reaction to take place, which means that it occurs at a quicker rate. Potentially, molecules that would once have taken years to interact, can take seconds with the addition of a catalyst. The overall purpose of a catalyst is to ensure that reactions proceed effec tively which is why a range of catalysts are commonly used in many elements of society. Common examples of where catalysts are usedRead MoreThe Effect Of Concentration On The Rate Of Reaction1563 Words   |  7 Pageswill result will be a slower rate of reaction. Therefore, it is also hypothesised that the addition of a catalyst will cause the rate of those reactions to speed up, was proven correct by the results of this experiment, in that the changing of the concentration and the addition of a catalyst changed the speed at which the reaction occurred. The results from both Part 1 and Part 2 conclusively showing that the have a direct effect on the rate at which the reaction occurs. In order to come to this conclusionRead MoreChemical Reactions And Gas Laws1284 Words   |  6 Pagesshame and all around is frowned upon in public. Despite its harsh reputation, flatulence is normal, and everyone experiences it throughout his or her daily lives. Flatulence is directly related to th e world of chemistry, both involving chemical reactions and gas laws. In the end, while flatulence might be the cause of smelly situations, it also shows that chemistry is not limited to the laboratory, it is seen throughout the world, even in the human body. When people think of flatulence, they areRead MoreKinetics Lab793 Words   |  4 PagesHydrogen Peroxide Introduction: Chemical reactions are dependent upon two factors: temperature and concentrations of substance. We can monitor the rate at which a chemical decomposes or the rate at which a chemical substance appears. In this experiment we will be measuring the rate of decomposition of hydrogen dioxide with the following reaction: 2 H202 (aq) 4 2 H20 (l) + 02 (g) We can trap the oxygen gas created into a container thus showing the extent of the reaction and this will show the rateRead MoreA Study On Chemical Reactions1562 Words   |  7 Pages 006/7th Review of Literature A chemical reaction is the â€Å"communication† (or interaction) between elements (Green, 2012). Chemical reactions can happen naturally or can be caused by a person. They can even happen inside of a living being (Newmark, 2000). Some chemical reactions can just happen randomly and others need different amounts of energy for them to occur. Heat can provide chemicals with the energy for this to happen. For example, dynamite is extremelyRead MoreThe Six Branches Of Chemistry1482 Words   |  6 Pagesthe study of the structure, properties, and preparation of chemical compounds that consist primarily of carbon and hydrogen. organic chemistry the study of most carbon containing compounds INORGANIC CHEMISTRY Inorganic chemistry is the study of the properties and behaviour of inorganic compounds. It covers all chemical compounds except organic compounds. Inorganic chemists study things such as crystal structures, minerals, metals, catalysts, and most elements in the Periodic Table. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRYRead MoreKinetics Of Acid Catalysed Propanone / Iodine Reaction1476 Words   |  6 PagesAcid-Catalysed Propanone/Iodine Reaction Equation for the reaction : CH3COCH3(aq) + I2(aq) —— CH3COCH2I(aq) + H+(aq) + I–(aq) Iodine + Propanone — Iodopropanone + Hydrogen (cation) + Iodine (anion) Introduction: Aims: To vary the concentrations of each reactant along with the sulphuric acid in order to observe and measure its effect on the overall rate of reaction in absorbance using colourimetry. 2) Calculate the a mean rate constant using orders of reactions and the rate equationRead MoreThe Principles Of Chemical Kinetics1442 Words   |  6 Pagesprinciples of chemical kinetics is the study of reaction rates and the mechanism in a chemical reaction.2 The rate of the chemical reaction can be represented as the change in concentration of a solution with time. Also, the rate reaction can be express in an equation known as the rate law. The rate law can be express as rate=f([A],[B],[C],†¦) (1) where the rate reaction is represented as a function of the concentrations in the chemical equation with time.3 The general chemical reaction can be shownRead MoreCalculating Quantities And Classification Of Chemical Reactions1981 Words   |  8 PagesClassification of Chemical Reactions Lab Purpose: I. The objective of this laboratory experiment is to be able to identify and precisely classify each reaction as one of the five different types of chemical reactions by comparing the reactants from the product. II. The purpose of this laboratory experiment is to accurately calculate quantities of the products and the reactants, Aluminum and Copper (II) Chloride, in the chemical reaction to determine its percent yield. Data Tables: I. Reaction #1 ObservationRead MoreReducing Toxic Emissions with a Catalytic Converter828 Words   |  3 Pagescomprised of two types of catalysts. Whereby these catalysts don’t take place in any reactions happening but only triggers them. The diagram shows how less harmful gases are produced to the atmosphere by the reduction catalyst and oxidation catalyst. The three way catalytic converter uses two stages to accomplish the process of reducing toxic emissions, the first stage takes place on the reduction catalyst. The second stage of the process happens on the oxidation catalyst. Platinum and rhodium are

Physics of Basketball - 640 Words

Physics takes part in our everyday lives without us even recognizing it. In simple every day functions like when we walk, how our vehicles function properly, and even how we play sports. We go on each day with no recognition of physics until it is pointed out to us. The concept of physics is the study of fundamental structures and interactions in the physical universe. We learn physics to get a better understanding of the universe and the objects in it (Ostdiek). Now, that I have given you a brief description of what physics is and why we learn it, I am going to tell you how physics applies to shooting a basketball. Shooting a basketball is a simple concept. All you do is align your feet towards the goal, put the ball in place, and then shoot; easy right? Not exactly, just because you do these steps does not mean you will get a perfect shot every time and make the basket. First, were going to start with setting the shot up with a dribble, most players can shoot off of the dribble. When dribbling a basketball a shooter releases the ball towards the floor with a force that makes the ball come back into their palm. When the force of the ball goes toward the floor with different speeds it causes the ball to have a different velocity which can make the ball come back into the dribblers hand much quicker. We can also look at dribbling through energy. When a shooter is holding the basketball it has potential energy. Upon the balls release to the floor, the potential energy isShow MoreRelated The Physics of Basketball Essay1466 Words   |  6 PagesThe Physics of Basketball The NBA playoffs are making the headlines all over. Every news channel, sports channel, and newspaper has a story about the big games. Everyone is making bets as to who will be the big champions. Will it be the defending champions, Los Angeles Lakers, or will it possibly be one of the underdogs. This is the most intensive time of year for basketball fans as they watch the teams battle out the game. Up and down the court, the turnovers, rebounds, fast breaks, andRead More The Physics of Basketball Essay1350 Words   |  6 PagesThe Physics of Basketball The more and more I look around I begin to see how physics are integrated into practically everything that we do. These things would surely go unnoticed without making a conscious effort to notice them. For example simple things like riding a bike, or driving a car, or playing catch with a son or daughter. Just as these activities are loaded with elements of physics, sports are also, especially basketball. Physics play a part in every aspect of the game, from dribblingRead More The Physics of Basketball Essay1950 Words   |  8 PagesThe Physics of Basketball There are many aspects to the game of basketball and physics can be applied to all of them. Although to be good at basketball it is not necessary to play it from a physics point of view. Basketball players become good by developing muscle memory for the actions that must be performed in the game of basketball from years of practice. Nevertheless knowing some of the physics in the game of basketball can help a good player be a better player. In this paper I will coverRead More The Physics of Basketball Essay1832 Words   |  8 PagesThe Physics of Basketball Introduction Any child can pick up a basketball, bounce it a few times, and throw it at the hoop without realizing the complex physics he is involving himself in. However, a greater understanding of the sport can be gained by applying the principles of physics to these actions. Through this paper I will be examining the physics of dribbling and shooting. For the equations, I will use a standard men’s basketball with a mass of 25 oz. (0.7 kg) and a diameter of 9.39†Read More Physics of Basketball Essay1867 Words   |  8 Pagesgreatest game of all time. Basketball was invented December 1891 at a YMCA gymnasium in Springfield, Massachusetts. The game was invented to be an indoor game for students to play during the cold winter months since there were no previous indoor game that could involve a whole class. Basketball started out with only 13 rules that were made by Naismith in 1891 and the rules have continued to grow and change up to present day. The change that had the biggest impact on how basketball is played was the introductionRead MoreChapter 4 : Displacement Of The Basketball1182 Words   |  5 PagesChapter 4: Displacement of the basketball Part 1: Fundamentals As there are many different aspects of physics found in the sport of basketball, I am going to summarise and talk about the fundamental physics that always take place on a basketball when moving, I will be defining the aspect of physics from prior knowledge and also, evaluating and explaining the main aspects of physics found in basketball and how they are applicable. The main elements of physics found in basketball that I will be analysingRead MoreThe Force to Dribble a Basketball833 Words   |  4 PagesIf you think about it, it’s almost impossible to measure the force that it takes to dribble a basketball, unless you have the right tools. Let’s just think about the basic physics that you should know. In order to dribble a basketball you need to apply enough force for the ball to go from your hand to the floor and back up to your hand. When the ball is in your hand it is holding potential energy. Potential energy is the energy that is about to be transferred into kinetic energy, which is when theRead More Personal History Essay1193 Words   |  5 Pages I am satisfied with what I have become; a student specializing in Physics with special interests in experimental Condensed Matter Physics. I grew up in a very small town. A town not fully developed; there were very few resources and not many quality schools to acquire a solid education. I had to pass an entrance exam to get into a good school for 8th grade at a time when most students in my town would drop out of school after 7th grade in order to search for work and support their families. Read MoreBasketball Vs. Basketball822 Words   |  4 PagesThese were the exact words of basketball hall of famer Michael Jordan, a person who can be debated as the greatest basketball player ever. This quote means more than just how to be successful in basketball; it means that making mistakes is part of the journey to a prosperous life, but not taking chances strays from the path to success. In today’s world, people have to be competitive to succeed in anything. The formula for both a â€Å"good† life and successful basketball career requires many similar thingsRead MoreReflection Essay902 Words   |  4 Pagesfiber of my mind and body are like a magnet captivated by the enlightening content embedded in the pages. It is a powerful feeling that piques my curiosity to its fullest. And it has continued to grow ever since I sat down on the first day of my AP Physics 1 class– September 2, 2015 – in room 3-202. I still vividly remember the inquisitive young boy I was in that class, each day always eager and excited to open the door and enter this sacred place that promoted intellectual freedom and truth: a rigorous

The Hawala Extortion Method - 18441 Words

HAWALA INTRODUCTION [pic] Among the methods terrorists worldwide use to move money from regions that finance them to target countries some hardly leave any traceable trail. As regulators learned recently, one of the weak points in the payments chain through which illicit funds can enter is a system of traditional trust-based banking originating in southern Asia which is known as hawala. The word hawala is Hindi meaning trust or exchange. Often used in relation with the word hundi which stands for bill of exchange hawala is an unofficial alternative remittance and money exchange system enabling the transfer of funds without their actual physical move. Traditional financial institutions may be involved†¦show more content†¦For instance, in May and June 2001 the State Bank of Pakistan was said to have turned to hawala shops in Islamabad to buy dollars in order to support the own currency. Even top-ranking Western corporations turn to hawaladers for transactions to regions without a modern western-style banking system. In several OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) member countries, licensed traders legally perform hawala. OECD Member Countries (And Year of joining) |Australia (1971) |Austria (1961) |Belgium (1961) | |Canada (1961) |Czech Republic (1995) |Denmark (1961) | |Finland (1969) |France (1961) |Germany (1961) | |Greece (1961) |Hungary (1996) |Iceland (1961) | |Ireland (1961) |Italy (1961) |Japan (1964) | |The Netherlands (1961) |New Zealand (1973) |Norway (1961) | |Poland (1996)Show MoreRelatedNature and Causes of Global Money Laundering8912 Words   |  36 Pages 9 Money laundering and Globalization 13 Nature of Money laundering 14 Methods of Money Laundering 17 Causes of Money laundering 19 The Economic Effect of Money LaunderingRead MoreThe Growing Problem of White Collar Crimes in India19963 Words   |  80 Pageswill lose faith in us†- Dr Radhakrishnan Methodology The research methodology used for the present research article is traditional Doctrinal research method. As most of the information can be sought form the available literature. So the researcher has chosen doctrinal method as method of research for the present article and has used books, journals, research articles for preparation of the same. Objectives of the study The main objectives of the research work is ToRead MoreMoney Laundering13123 Words   |  53 Pageswhich is illegally obtained, so as to make it appear to originate from a legitimate source. Money Laundering is being employed by launderers worldwide to conceal criminal activity associated with it such as drug / arms trafficking, terrorism and extortion. Robinson states that â€Å"Money laundering is called what it is because that perfectly describes what takes place – illegal, or dirty, money is put through a cycle of transactions, or washed, so that it comes out the other end as legal, or cleans

Juvenile Justice Laws

Question: Write your paper comparing and contrasting each program. Include the following elements in your paper: A detailed description of each program (including APA citation and references as to where you found the information) Goals, successes, and failures of each program Your conclusion about which program you think would be most effective in treating and rehabilitating juvenile delinquents Answer: Comparative study of Juvenile Justice Aftercare Programs Introduction The contemporary times has witnessed a growing concern for the increasing crowd in the juvenile correctional facilities (Bernard Kurlychek, 2010). With each passing day there are high rates of recidivism, increasing expenses for confinement and this has generated adequate interest in the efforts to bring in changes and innovation in the aftercare programs of the juveniles and in the practice and philosophy of parole. Regrettably, it has been observed that the field of juvenile corrections has a miserable record for the reduction of the rates of offenders of juveniles who have been released from secure confinement. Research on the juvenile justice aftercare programs have indicated that if failure occurs with subgroups of released juveniles it is seen that most of these offenders have a long record of misconduct that generally commences at a very early age (Benekos Merlo, 2008). These youths who are at high risks exhibit a particular and constant style of justice system such as arrests, placements or adjudication and are also plagued by some other risk factors based on several needs (Halbrook, 2013). Usually these factors are combined with various problems such as ones relating to family, peer pressure, difficulties in school and substance abuse. Additionally, these need related problems are also accompanied by other ancillary requirements and problems. In order to counter these issues in juvenile justice system, a number of Community-Based Aftercare Programs has been organized in the past few decades in different states of the United States. These aftercare programs mainly focus on the serious juvenile offenders and take steps to intensive supervision to ensure safety of the public and aid in the proper reintegration process which allows these offenders to be released before their term as a result reduce recidivism in those juveniles who are released from residential facilities (Hill, Lockyer Stone, 2007). In this study the researcher examines two aftercare programs prevalent in the United States and makes a comparative analysis between them. Juvenile Justice Aftercare Programs Juvenile Justice Aftercare program introduced by the United States Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs had introduced intensive aftercare programs for the high risk juveniles. This model involves the assessment and relevant research on the implementation and operation of aftercare programs based on the juveniles released from correctional facilities (Dum Fader, 2013). Further it involves the development of appropriate program models and such policies which would be helpful for the states, correctional agencies and policy makers. The project design also includes the making of prototypes and such policies and procedures so that a proper training and technical assistance can be created. Later these prototypes are tested and implemented in different jurisdictions. In order to deal with the different types of risk factors related to these juveniles the juvenile aftercare program model is formed to deal with the problems (Evans-Chase Zhou, 2012). The schematic model has been shown below. This theory driven empirical model focuses on these risk factors and models and also creates clear and comprehensive guidelines which have specific and tangible programs and are based on the required services. The primary goals of this aftercare program is to reduce recidivism of the juvenile parolee population, structure the juvenile justice delivery system and research on the size, nature and availability in different states of United States. This Intensive Aftercare Program is based on the following principles required for reintegration. Firstly, it prepares the youth for gaining responsibility and freedom in the community (Frederick Roy, 2003). Secondly, it facilitates communication and involvement of the youth; thirdly, it focuses on working with offenders and community support systems which are essential for interaction and successful return of the juveniles to the society (Montague, 2003). Fourthly the program tends to develop new resources and support whenever required and finally is also monitors the ability of the youth to work productively with the community. States such as California has adopted this aftercare program to implement it in their state. The next program to deal with is an initiative of the Juvenile Law Center which based its aftercare model on the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Model to change the aftercare reform situation in the states . This model was implemented in the state of Pennsylvania and a Joint Policy Statement on Aftercare was developed to deal with the juvenile system. Some of the key state agencies adopted this Model in 2005 and since then this Joint Policy Statement has become an organizing tool for efforts of reform, aspiration that is also converted into policies and procedures. The Policy defines aftercare as a commencement of disposition (Wells, 2006). It implies that the program identifies the connections to aftercare services and support programs for the youth in placement. The primary aim of the Model is to improve the aftercare services for the juveniles and also supervise these juveniles so that juveniles get a chance to succeed after releasing from the correctional homes. The program contributes to the workgroups all over the state to address aftercare and work with stakeholders from the courts, education system and probation. These reform efforts are coordinated at the country and state levels so that these efforts have a much wider and national perspective. The Model tends to ensure that the juvenile youths develop skills to become productive members of the communities when they return to their societies. Conclusion A constructive comparison of the two models of Juvenile aftercare depict that the primary aims and objectives of these programs is to ensure that the juveniles are successfully returned to their societies. However the approach of the two models are different and hence the result and success of these Models would differ. It has been observed that the Intensive Aftercare Program established by the United States Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs tend to have more emphasis and a better success rate due to the main fact that the Model is more focused on the involvement of the youth and the relationship between them and the community support system. Whereas the later model used in Pennsylvania needs to be more constructive and focused. The juvenile aftercare models of the state must ensure that the juveniles are dealt with maturity and the models should focus more on the communities also where the juvenile are sent after they are released. References Benekos, P., Merlo, A. (2008). Juvenile Justice: The Legacy of Punitive Policy.Youth Violence And Juvenile Justice,6(1), 28-46. doi:10.1177/1541204007308423 Bernard, T., Kurlychek, M. (2010).The cycle of juvenile justice. New York: Oxford University Press. Dum, C., Fader, J. (2013). These Are Kids Lives!: Dilemmas and Adaptations of Juvenile Aftercare Workers.Justice Quarterly,30(5), 784-810. doi:10.1080/07418825.2011.628946 Evans-Chase, M., Zhou, H. (2012). A Systematic Review of the Juvenile Justice Intervention Literature: What It Can (and Cannot) Tell Us About What Works With Delinquent Youth.Crime Delinquency,60(3), 451-470. doi:10.1177/0011128712466931 Frederick, B., Roy, D. (2003).Recidivism among youth released from the Youth Leadership Academy to the City Challenge Intensive Aftercare Program. Albany, NY: New York State Division of Criminal Justice Services. Halbrook, K. (2013).Nobody but us. New York: HarperTeen. Hill, M., Lockyer, A., Stone, F. (2007).Youth justice and child protection. London: J. Kingsley Publishers. Montague, K. (2003).Aftercare strategy. [Baltimore, Md.]: Maryland Dept. of Juvenile Justice. ncjrs,.Intensive Aftercare for High-Risk Juveniles. Retrieved 24 January 2015, from https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles/juvcc.pdf Wells, J. (2006). A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of a Shock Incarceration and Aftercare Program for Juvenile Offenders.Youth Violence And Juvenile Justice,4(3), 219-233. doi:10.1177/1541204006290153